This is a Community Wiki entry designed to enumerate a list of common question types, whether they should be asked here, and what things an asker or answerer should be advised of.
Please add common question types and vote them up/down based on whether you think they are good question types for the site. Add comments to the question if you would like to add guidance, like "but you need to do X" or "only in the case of Y," or "this should be a Community Wiki."
If extensive discussion on one is required (and I assume often it will be), let's do it in a separate meta thread, and then add/vote it here for brevity.