Questions 1 and 2 are identical
Question 1, "Can you attack with more than one weapon when using Extra Attack?" asks:
When one uses the Extra Attack class feature, must it be done with only one weapon?
Question 2, "Can you attack with different weapons using Extra Attack?" asks:
Assuming I am holding two different weapons, [...] can I attack once with each? [when using Extra Attack]
There is no meaningful difference between these questions, though the answers talk about some different things, in fact, the questions which doesn't mention Two-Weapon Fighting has answers that do, and the question which does mention TWF has answers that don't. In fact, I believe the second questions should not have the Two-Weapon Fighting tag because it is not part of the question at all.
This means the questions should either be merged or marked as duplicates. The first question is older and so it would be kept open. That said, the second question has more recent quotes (from the Sage Advice Compendium) so merging the questions would be my suggestion.
Question 3 is sufficiently different from questions 1 and 2
Question 3, "Can I use the same weapon for a normal attack and Two-Weapon Fighting in the same turn? asks:
I am allowed to use different weapons for an Attack action if I have the Extra Attack class feature. Let's assume I did just that, attacking once each with a hand-axe and once with a shortsword. Am I allowed to afterwards perform a Two Weapon Fighting bonus attack with one of these weapons?
I don't actually think the question's title matches the body, though it does work, something more like "Can I use Two-Weapon Fighting after attacking with both weapons I am holding" may work better. This questions is different because it is actually about TWF, unlike the other two.
Question 4 is two questions, so it can't be closed (or at least not closed well), regardless it needs a better title
Question 4, "Dual Wielding and Extra Attacks" asks:
[...] Do the rules ever explicitly stipulate that the two attacks from Extra Attack MUST come from the same weapon in this situation? [...]
However it also asks a separate question. Basically 'which of the following is true":
- the bonus attack must be made with the opposite hand of the first attack when the action was taken
- the bonus attack must be made with the opposite hand of the last attack before the bonus action
- since both weapons have been used to attack does the player then have the option of which weapon to use?
The problem is that this question is actually asking two different questions. The first question is a duplicate of questions 1 and 2, but the second question is a duplicate of question 3. However, question 3 is older and so question 4 should remain open with question 3 closed as a duplicate. However it's not a duplicate because question 4 isn't one question and that's most of the problem.
Additionally the title of question 4, "Dual Wielding and Extra Attacks", explains almost nothing of what the question is actually asking. Ultimately I just think question 4 is a bad question (since it's two questions) and so it isn't fitting into a duplicate/close system very well.
An aside: the answers to questions 3 and 4 are slightly incomplete
Both questions 3 and 4 don't actually ask about when the TWF bonus action attack can occur; however, both seem to assume (at least as I read them) that it must come last. This is a occasionally important factor in the Two-Weapon Fighting + Extra Attack combo.
If you wanted to use TWF in-between the two attacks of your Attack action then it would have to use the weapon you did not use with your first attack. The bonus action attack can only be made using either weapon if both weapons have already been used, this is not something the current answers address.
There is already a question discussing this ordering issue:
This explicitly asks when the TWF bonus action attack can occur which I believe this is occasionally important and something that the answers to questions 3 and 4 do not address.